Arab fascism (Arabic: الفاشية العربية) is a far-right ideology combining fascism with Arab nationalism.
History
The ideology emerged shortly after the First World War and grew during the interwar period. As the rise of Arab fascism was concurrent with the Arab independence from the Ottomans, Arab fascists were very Anti-Turkish. Arab fascism grew with support from Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, and Arab fascists became increasingly antisemitic after the establishment of Israel. Arab fascism first grew in Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Palestine, and Egypt. Some Arab fascists adhered to Arab-Islamic nationalism, while the rest were secular.
Michel Aflaq had purchased a copy of The Myth of the Twentieth Century, a book about Nazism. Ba'athism was described by Cyprian Blamires as being inspired by Arab fascism, although with the addition of socialism. Saddam Hussein was sometimes described as a fascist or being influenced by fascist ideology and state leaders like Adolf Hitler. In 1941, Arab fascists in Iraq committed the Farhud, an antisemitic pogrom.
See also
- Al-Muthanna Club
- Free Arabian Legion
- Golden Square (Iraq)
- Islamofascism
- Mein Kampf in Arabic
- Muslim Association of the Lictor
- Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world
- Syrian Social Nationalist Party
- Ziaism
References
Bibliography
- Blamires, Cyprian (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781576079409.
- Jankowski, James P. (1975). Egypt's Young Rebels: 'Young Egypt': 1933–1952. Hoover Institution Press. ISBN 9780817914516.
- Jankowski, James; Gershoni, Israel (1995). Redefining the Egyptian nation, 1930–1945. Cambridge Middle East Studies. ISBN 9780521475358.
- Wild, Stefan (1 January 1985). "National Socialism in the Arab Near East Between 1933 and 1939". Die Welt des Islams. 25 (1–4): 126–173. doi:10.1163/157006085X00053. JSTOR 1571079.1–4&rft.pages=126-173&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft_id=info:doi/10.1163/157006085X00053&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1571079#id-name=JSTOR&rft.aulast=Wild&rft.aufirst=Stefan&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1571079&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arab fascism">
